Pengenalan: Terdapat pautan yang sangat diperlukan dalam penyelidikan perubatan, iaitu, eksperimen haiwan. Mengikut statistik yang tidak lengkap, berjuta-juta haiwan di seluruh dunia menjadi mangsa eksperimen saintifik setiap tahun. Walaupun kedengaran berdarah, ia juga satu proses yang perlu dilalui oleh pembangunan perubatan. Walau bagaimanapun, dengan pembangunan teknologi bioprinting 3D dalam beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini, beberapa binaan bioprinted dijangka mencapai penggantian berfungsi tisu hidup, dan secara beransur-ansur mencapai tujuan menggantikan eksperimen haiwan.
△In 2014, about 400,000 mice died in the laboratory
18 Februari 2022 Projek yang dibiayai-Kesatuan Eropah (EU) sedang berusaha untuk mengurangkan ujian haiwan dalam penyelidikan perubatan eksperimen melalui pencetakan bio 3D. Diselaraskan oleh Institut Bioengineering Catalonia (IBEC), projek BRIGHTER (Bioprinting by Photolithography: Complex Tissue Engineering at High Resolution and Speed) sedang membangunkan pendekatan baru untuk kejuruteraan tisu dan proses bioprinting 3D perubatan regeneratif untuk mengurangkan penggunaan taxidermy dalam kawasan-kawasan ini. Nota khusus, projek itu memberi tumpuan kepada fabrikasi kulit manusia menggunakan teknik bioprinting novel berdasarkan kepingan cahaya laser bercorak.
Professor Elena Martinez, coordinator of the BRIGHTER project, said: "Our innovative 3D bioprinting system not only achieves tissue closer to the real thing, but is also much faster than current systems, an essential factor in ensuring the viability of new tissue."
△ A small square containing a matrix of skin cells. Photo via IBEC.
Mengurangkan ujian haiwan dengan percetakan 3D
Teknologi bioprinting 3D telah berkembang pesat sepanjang dekad yang lalu, dengan kemajuan besar dalam membangunkan tisu khusus pesakit{1}}yang berdaya maju. Walaupun perkembangan ini menjanjikan ujian keberkesanan pada masa hadapan, tisu-tisu ini sebahagian besarnya masih dalam percubaan, dan ujian ubat-ubatan manusia tinggal beberapa dekad lagi. Walau bagaimanapun, kedua-dua ahli akademik dan industri sedang berusaha untuk mengubahnya, dengan pembuat bioprinter Sweden CELLINK berjanji untuk memajukan penyelidikannya ke dalam model ujian sel tidak berbahaya haiwan dan menggunakan model kulit mini di Universiti Stuttgart untuk menguji keberkesanan ubat kanser dengan tujuan untuk Menghapuskan ujian haiwan.
Elsewhere, Fluicell's Biopixlar platform has produced highly complex neural models that show potential for future clinical drug screening applications, while UpNano's NanoOne Bio system is focusing on the fabrication of cell culture microstructures that may have Helps reduce the number of animal experiments behind clinical trials.
△CELLINK has acquired in vitro technology specialist MatTek to create a harmless drug testing model. Photo via MatTek.
Alternatif yang lebih berperikemanusiaan kepada ujian haiwan
In addition to IBEC, the Goethe University Frankfurt, the Technion Center in Israel and the biotechnology companies Mycronic and Cellendes are also participating in the BRIGHTER project. The program hopes to overcome many of the technical barriers that currently limit the fabrication of complex human tissue. The partners are collaborating on the development of a novel light-sheet bioprinting process capable of producing complex and accurate in vitro models that can be used for cosmetic and drug testing in the pharmaceutical industry and research settings. To fine-tune the technology, the BRIGHTER team is working to 3D print human skin, a highly complex tissue composed of multiple cell types and structures, such as sweat glands and hair follicles. Hydrogels will form a key component of the bioprinting process, as they form the basis for cells to grow and form new tissues, and they can also be personalized using a patient's own cells. To print skin with the desired structure, shape, and consistency, the researchers are using advanced imaging techniques that combine illumination from light sheets and high-resolution digital masks. By applying the laser directly to the hydrogel, the cells within it can be "patterned" and shaped into the right shape, allowing the team to control the stiffness, shape and size of the 3D printed structures.
The ability to shape hydrogels at a high level is especially critical for successfully printing human skin, because this tissue is made up of many layers of cells of different types. According to the BRIGHTER team, their bioprinting process was also able to create the blood vessels of the printed tissue and enable the function of sebaceous and sweat glands, as well as hair follicles to grow hair. Dr Nuria Torras, a postdoctoral researcher at IBEC, said: "We hope to be able to print a skin sample with an area of 1 square centimeter and a thickness of 1 mm in about 10 minutes with a cell viability rate of over 95 percent , greatly improving current bioprinting conditions. "The BRIGHTER project hopes that successful printing of the in vitro skin model will validate its potential for use in pharmaceutical and research settings, and ultimately reduce animal testing for drug and cosmetic testing.
Teknologi Guangmai terlibat secara mendalam dalam sumber cahaya yang sihat dan pintar, menyediakan rangkaian penuh UVA UVB UVC LED, produk dan penyelesaian inframerah IR LED VCSEL kepada pasaran. Ia mempunyai ratusan rakan kongsi-berkualiti tinggi dalam pasaran domestik dan asing untuk bersama-sama mempromosikan penggunaan teknologi ringan untuk mencipta kehidupan yang sihat dan pintar. .
